阿特拉津高效降解菌株DnL1-1发酵培养基的优化

为提高产脲节杆菌DnL1-1的发酵水平,通过单因子筛选及正交试验,优化了DnL1-1的发酵培养基。优化得到的培养基配方为：葡萄糖15.0 g/L,蛋白胨7.5 g/L,酵母提取物0.50 g/L,磷酸氢二钾2.0 g/L,磷酸二氢钾1.0 g/L,氯化钙0.15 g/L,硫酸镁0.15 g/L。配方在接种量为1%, 180 r /min,28 ℃摇瓶振荡培养至36 h时,菌体数量达2.89×10¹⁰ cfu/mL以上。     

直接分离于工业和农业土样中的阿特拉津降解菌的基因分型

对农药污染的工业和农业土样中获得的116株阿特拉津降解菌进行分类鉴定,降解菌通过ERIC PCR和16S rRNA系统进化树分析发现了12种种系型。其中工业土样中鉴定出隶属于节杆菌属的8种种系型降解菌,具有与金黄节杆菌系统进化群体类似的基因种。从无植物生长的工业重度污染土样中检测到嗜碱假单胞菌和Gulosibacter molinativorax系统进化群体间存在着同一种基因型。农业玉米根际土样只分离到3种种系型,与产脲节杆菌类似的基因型是玉米根际普遍存在并占主导地位的降解菌,另外2种种系型代表着具有环境特异性的两个不同起源的类诺卡氏菌分支。基因分型结果暗示着阿特拉津降解群体的多样性和遗传结构的环境特异性,工业土壤中的污染率是影响降解群体多样性和遗传结构的主要因素。     

Cell-specific and lamin-dependent targeting of novel transmembrane proteins in the nuclear envelope

Nuclear envelope complexity is expanding with respect to identification of protein components. Here we test the validity of proteomics results that identified 67 novel predicted nuclear envelope transmembrane proteins (NETs) from liver by directly comparing 30 as tagged fusions using targeting assays. This confirmed 21 as NETs, but 4 only targeted in certain cell types, underscoring the complexity of interactions that tether NETs to the nuclear envelope. Four NETs accumulated at the nuclear rim in normal fibroblasts but not in fibroblasts lacking lamin A, suggesting involvement of lamin A in tethering them in the nucleus. However, intriguingly, for the NETs tested alternative mechanisms for nuclear envelope retention could be found in Jurkat cells that normally lack lamin A. This study expands by a factor of three the number of liver NETs analyzed, bringing the total confirmed to 31, and shows that several have multiple mechanisms for nuclear envelope retention.     

阿特拉津降解细菌的直接检测及分离

摘要：利用改良的 SM固体培养基,对受除草剂污染的土壤中阿特拉津降解菌进行了检测、计数及分离。研究发现,在工业污染土壤中,阿特拉津降解菌群成为微生物群落的主要组成部分,而在农业土壤中仅占次要地位。用多重PCR分析了靶向基因trzN 和 atzABC,表明含trzN-atzBC基因组合的降解菌在山东省工业及农业土壤中占主导地位。因为富集偏差的消除,直接分离方法更利于阿特拉津降解菌多样性分析的研究。